These two pictures were taken from the exact same spot just a few second apart. How did I do it? I changed the fstop, or the aperture. The aperture is an opening that allows in light. It works with your shutter. Shutter speed and size of aperture will give you depth of field. Depth of field is the amount of your photo that is in focus. For the top picture (or the picture of the couple holding the ultrasound with only the ultrasound in focus), you need a wide open aperture combined with the proper shutter speed to only get that tiny part of the picture in focus. For Canon cameras set it to Av, which stands for Aperture Value. This will allow you to set the aperture and the camera will automatically adjust the shutter speed.
So put your camera to Av and the screen should look something like this:
The F4.5 tells you that your Fstop is at 4.5, which is as low as the regular lens that came with the camera will go, i think. There should be a dial right behind your shutter button that looks like this:
Turn that knob back and forth to make the number go down. Turn it to the left until the number doesn't go any lower. Now your fstop is as low as it will go. Now you can try to take a picture, but you will probably have to change WHERE your focus is at. That's easy too. Hit a button that looks something like this:
A screen that looks like that ^^^ With dots/squares on it will appear. You can then use the four arrow buttons that are around the SET button to move which dot is highlighted. Which ever one you pick will be what your camera focuses on. Makes sense? So look through your camera, figure out about where you want the focus to be, and then choose the closest dot. Your picture might work even if you don't do this, but you might focus on something you didn't intend to, so you might as well just set the Auto Focus Selection point. Go ahead and take your picture. Try it out at different fstops and see what happens.
Remember, the smaller the fstop number, the smaller the area of focus.
